how long should this take to recharge a dead, 27 group deep cycle battery?

This system will produce about 12-18 amp hours per day. The amount of time will depend on the amp hour capacity of your battery. 
 

I need to charge 4 deep cycle 12v batteries on my boat during the week for use on weekend. Will this work if I connect batteries parallel?

Yes this will charge 4 deep cycle 12 volt batteries as long as you have them wired in parallel. 
 

I have two 12 volt batteries on my travel trailer. Will this unit charge up both batteries at the same time when the cables from solar panel

Provided that the two batteries are connected together, yes it will. If you have two separate batteries that need to work independent of one another, you'll need a dual battery charger. 
 

I want to charge marine deep cycle battery when in storage then disconnect to use boat will this work ?

As long as the panel is in sunlight it will be able to charge your deep cycle batteries with no problem. 
 

is it good in a tiny house

This kit is used for smaller applications, such as running a few lights/ low demand devices. For running devices in a tiny house it would require a larger system, if you could give us a call here with a list of all the devices you plan on running with the wattage consumption and run times, we will be able to size up an adequate system for your tiny house

Is this kit adequate enough so that it can be used with a battery and an inverter?

I have a truck battery on my system. (I have a truck battery set up on mine, not the right kind but I had 4 left over) I get about 4-5 hrs off of each battery. I have a 2000-4000 inverter. It is enough to get you started on solar, but you will need more stuff it you intend to run a lot on it. You will also need to upgrade the wiring and controller at some point too. It is a good system to get started though and you can add to it over time. I will be buying a new panel to add to it soon. I have a 3 battery bank that runs parallel, not in series. You can do the same of extra panels. Backwards solar has a lot of info on their site that can help you with any questions you have about what you need

Will I need to use batteries in order to make use of the charge controller or will I be able to connect 12v fan directly to charge controller?

Yes, that is correct. You will need to connect to a battery in order to use the load terminals. 
 

Will weather effect panel if permanently mounted to roof? Rain, sun, snow?

The panel itself should be fine, but there is one concern that I noted to the company when I bought the panel. The mounting materials it comes with are unsatisfactory. The company seems to be doing things on the cheap as the mounting screws are all simple steal and not stainless. So unless you don't mind rust streaks on your roof or where ever, you will need to replace the cheap screws with good ones

My battery is draining at night on no draw...does this need a blocking diode?

The solar charge controller does run off of the batteries power, however, it does not require a blocking diode. The power the controller runs off of is minimal and should not drain the battery. 
 

Does this unit have to be permantly mounted on your rv or does it have a stand that comes with it

This kit does not come with a stand. The solar panel can be permanently mounted with the Z-brackets (flat mount). However, mounting is not just limited to Z-brackets, you can build your own stand or use a different mounting system as the panel has four mounting holes.